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The Russo-Persian War of 1826–28 was the last major military conflict between the Russian and Persian Empires. After the Treaty of Gulistan concluded the previous Russo-Persian War in 1813, peace reigned in the Caucasus for thirteen years. However, Fath 'Ali Shah, constantly in need of foreign subsidies, relied on the advice of British agents, who pressed him to reconquer the territories lost to Russia and pledged their support for military action. The matter was decided upon in spring 1826, when a bellicose party of Abbas Mirza prevailed in Tehran and the Russian minister, Aleksandr Sergeyevich Menshikov, was placed under house arrest. The war ended in 1828 at the occupation of Tabriz. The war had ended even more disastrously for Persia as compared to the 1804-1813 war, as by now, with the ensuing Treaty of Turkmenchay, Persia had been stripped off of its last remaining territories in the Caucasus, comprising all of modern-day Armenia, as well as the remainder of the territory of what is nowadays Azerbaijan, and Igdir. Thus, by now, through the Gulistan and Turkmenchay treaties, Persia had irrevocably lost all its integral territories in Transcaucasia and parts of the North Caucasus, comprising eastern Georgia, Dagestan, Armenia, and the Azerbaijan Republic to neighboring Imperial Russia. The war marked the end of the era of the Russo-Persian Wars, with Russia now being the absolute and unquestionable dominant power in the Caucasus. Persia (Iran) was forced to irrevocably cede swaths of its territories, which would forever be lost. The conquered territories now went through a Russian-dominated era, until the fall of the USSR, after which many of the territories (Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan) would declare independence and would become separate nations. As a direct result of the two Russo-Persian Wars of the 19th century and Russia's annexation of Iran's territories, the Azerbaijanis and Talysh are nowadays parted between two nations; Iran and Azerbaijan. ==1826: Persian invasion and Russian response== In May 1826, Mirak was occupied by Russian troops, against the wishes of Czar Nicholas I.〔''Iranian relations with Russia and the Soviet Union, to 1921'', F. Kazemzadeh, The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol.7, ed. Peter Avery, G. R. G. Hambly and C. Melville, (Cambridge University Press, 1991), 337.〕 In response, the Persian government sent Mirza Mohammad Sadiq to St. Petersburg in an attempt to discuss the issue. However, Caucasus General Governor Aleksey Yermolov had Sadiq detained at Tiflis.〔 Without a declaration of war, on 19 July 1826 Abbas Mirza and 35000 men invaded Karabakh and Talysh and did a good deal of damage. The local Khans switched sides. Bombak and Shuragel were overrun from Yerevan. Gyumri was blockaded but the garrison managed to escape. 1000 men surrendered at Ak-Kara-Chay . Shusha, the capital of Karabakh, was besieged, Lenkoran and Ganja abandoned.〔''A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East'', ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 1148.〕 and Baku besieged. Yermolov remained strangely inactive, partly because he had only 35000 men. He asked for more, Nicholas sent one division and 6 regiments of Don Cossack cavalry and told Yermolov to invade the Yerevan Khanate. Yermolov replied that this was impossible and Nicholas replied by sending out Ivan Paskevich. This roused Yermolov who sent Valerian Madatov south with instructions not to risk a major battle. Matadov disobeyed and on 2 September he and 2000 men defeated 10000 Persians and relieved the siege of Shusha. The Russians reentered Ganja. The reinforcements arrived, as did Paskevich who took command of the army from Yermolov. On 14 September he routed an estimated 60000 Persians on the Akstafa River 18 miles west of Ganja. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russo-Persian War (1826–28)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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